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下面的文檔連接：/GetContent.aspx?token=e0498803-7f62-4563-8d47-5fe33da65dd4&chunkiid=21414） （推薦各位病友大概看看，相信對(duì)您會(huì)有些幫助的?div id="m50uktp" class="box-center"> 。?br>
Allergies, Respiratory
Related Terms Hay Fever; Pollen Allergy; Seasonal Allergy
Principal Proposed Natural Treatments Butterbur
Other Proposed Natural Treatments Acupuncture; Adrenal Extract; Ayurvedic Medicine; Bacopa Monniera (brahmi); barberry; Bee Pollen; Betaine Hydrochloride; Cat's Claw; Coleus forskohlii; Enzyme Potentiated Desensitization (EPD); Fish Oil; GLA (Gamma-linolenic Acid); Hypnosis; MSM; Nettle Leaf; OPCs; Other Flavonoids, including Citrus Bioflavonoids; Probiotics; Quercetin; Rosmarinic Acid / Perilla Frutescens; Soy Sauce Extract (Shoyu Polysaccharides); Spirulina; Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT); Tinospora Cordifolia; Topical Capsaicin; Traditional Chinese Medicine; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin C; Vitamin E
過敏癥
，呼吸的
相關(guān)術(shù)語
花粉熱；花粉過敏
；季節(jié)過敏
主要提案的自然療法
Butterbur（一種植物
，后面會(huì)有詳細(xì)解釋的）
其他提案的自然療法
針灸；腎上腺提取物
；Ayurvedic Medicine
；Bacopa Monniera (brahmi)；伏?div id="d48novz" class="flower left">
；?div id="d48novz" class="flower left">
；Bee Pollen；Betaine Hydrochloride
；貓爪
； Coleus forskohlii；Enzyme Potentiated Desensitization (EPD)
；魚油；GLA (Gamma-linolenic Acid)
；Hypnosis
； MSM; 蕁麻葉; OPCs（葡萄籽提取物）; Other Flavonoids, including Citrus Bioflavonoids; Probiotics; Quercetin; Rosmarinic Acid / Perilla Frutescens; Soy Sauce Extract (Shoyu Polysaccharides); Spirulina; Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT); Tinospora Cordifolia; 局部辣椒素; 中國傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī); 維生素 B 6; 維生素B 12; 維生素C; 維生素 E
For other types of allergies, see Asthma and Eczema.
About 7% of all Americans suffer from hay fever, an allergic condition that can cause runny nose, sneezing, and teary eyes. It is known officially as allergic rhinitis, allergic sinusitis, or allergic conjunctivitis, depending on whether symptoms manifest mainly in the nose, sinuses, or eyes, respectively. Hay fever usually peaks when particular plants are pollinating or when molds are flourishing. People who suffer from year-round hay fever (perennial rhinitis) may be allergic to persistent allergens in the environment coming from such sources as dust mites, mice, and cockroaches.
Here's how hay fever works. In response to the triggers noted above, an individual prone to allergies develops an exaggerated immune response. Substances known as IgEs flood the nasal passages, white blood cells called eosinophils arrive by the millions and billions, and inflammatory substances such as histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes are released in massive amounts. The overall effect is the familiar one of swelling, dripping, itching, and aching.
The mechanism of allergic response is fairly well understood. Why allergic people react so excessively to innocent bits of pollen, however, remains a complete mystery.
Conventional treatment for hay fever primarily involves non-sedating antihistamines and nasal steroids, and is usually quite effective.
其他類型的過敏癥請(qǐng)查看哮喘和濕疹。
大概7%的美國人在遭受著過敏之苦
，過敏病可以引起流鼻涕
，打噴嚏和流眼淚。根據(jù)其癥狀主要表現(xiàn)在鼻子
，鼻竇
，和眼睛上，其正式的叫法分別叫做過敏性鼻炎
，過敏性鼻竇炎或過敏性結(jié)膜炎
。過敏癥通常在當(dāng)某種特定的植物開始授粉或處于茂盛期的時(shí)候最為嚴(yán)重
。那些常年經(jīng)歷著過敏的人其過敏源可能是來自環(huán)境中的粉塵，老鼠
，和蟑螂
。
以下是過敏的工作原理。通過對(duì)以上所提物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)
，過敏患者的免疫系統(tǒng)會(huì)作出過激的反應(yīng)
。當(dāng)一種被叫做IgEs的物質(zhì)流通鼻道時(shí)白血細(xì)胞就會(huì)喚醒數(shù)億的eosinophils，從而釋放出大量的具有刺激性的物質(zhì)例如histamine, prostaglandins, 和 leukotrienes
。其后果就是我們熟悉的腫
，流鼻涕，癢
，和疼
。
過敏反應(yīng)的機(jī)械原理是相當(dāng)容易理解的，然而為什么過敏患者會(huì)對(duì)那些非常小的花粉有如此大的反映
，這始終還是完全未知的
。
治療過敏的常規(guī)方法主要有：non-sedating antihistamines（不含鎮(zhèn)靜劑的抗組胺劑） 和 nasal steroids（鼻用類固醇），并且通常很有效
。
Principal Proposed Natural Treatments
Butterbur
The herb butterbur is best known as a promising new treatment for migraine headaches. However, butterbur may also be helpful for allergic rhinitis.
In a 2-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 186 people with intermittent allergic rhinitis, use of butterbur at a dose of three standardized tablets daily, or one tablet daily, reduced allergy symptoms as compared to placebo.34 Significantly greater benefits were seen in the higher dose group. Such "dose dependency" is taken as a confirming sign that a treatment really works.
In another double-blind study, 330 people were given either butterbur extract (one tablet three times daily), the antihistamine fexofenadine (Allegra), or placebo. 44 The results showed that butterbur and fexofenadine were equally effective, and both were more effective than placebo.
A previous 2-week, double-blind study of 125 individuals with hay fever (technically, seasonal allergic rhinitis) compared a standardized butterbur extract against the antihistamine drug certizine.18 According to ratings by both doctors and patients, the two treatments proved about equally effective. Unfortunately, this study did not use a placebo group.
Two much smaller studies produced inconsistent results.27,35
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full butterbur article.
主要提案的自然療法（不要小看自然療法哦?div id="d48novz" class="flower left">
。?br>Butterbur
中草藥Butterbur因?yàn)槭潜徽J(rèn)為是一種很有前途的治療偏頭痛的方法而出名。然而Butterbur也許對(duì)過敏性鼻炎也有很好的幫助
。
在為期2周的
，對(duì)186名患有間歇性過敏性鼻炎患者進(jìn)行安慰劑控制的雙盲研究中，分別給患者服用每天3片和每天1片的劑量
，將結(jié)果與安慰劑試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行比較
，高劑量能明顯減輕過敏癥狀，2個(gè)劑量的不同肯定了這種治療是有效的
。
在另外一項(xiàng)雙盲研究中
，330名患者每天給服用Butterbur提取物（每天3次，一次一片）和antihistamine fexofenadine (Allegra), 或安慰劑
，其結(jié)果顯示Butterbur和fexofenadine都同樣有效
，并且同時(shí)使用效果比安慰劑更好。
在先前的2周
，另一次對(duì)125名過敏患者（科學(xué)的說
，季節(jié)性過敏患者）的雙盲研究中，使患者分別服用Butterbur提取物和服用抗組胺劑certizine并進(jìn)行了比較
，根據(jù)醫(yī)生和患者的共同評(píng)選
，認(rèn)為這兩種療法都一樣有效，遺憾的是這次研究沒有涉及到安慰劑
。
兩次研究產(chǎn)生了不一致的結(jié)果
。（參照27
，35。以后不再翻譯）
需要更多的信息
，包括劑量和安全事項(xiàng)
，請(qǐng)查看完全的Butterbur文檔。
Other Proposed Natural Treatments
......
其他提案的自然療法
。
。。
。
。（這部分就不譯了，有興趣的可以自己到網(wǎng)上看看）
下面再說說Butterbur
Butterbur
Petasites hybridus
Principal Proposed Uses Allergies; Migraine Headaches (Prevention)
Other Proposed Uses Asthma; Musculoskeletal Pain; Ulcer Protection
Butterbur（款冬
，我也不確定）
Petasites hybridus（可能是一種成分）
主要提案的功效
過敏
；預(yù)防偏頭痛
其他提案的功效
哮喘；Musculoskeletal Pain
；潰瘍保護(hù)物
Butterbur can be found growing along rivers, ditches, and marshy areas in northern Asia, Europe, and parts of North America. It sends up stalks of reddish flowers very early in spring, before producing very large heart-shaped leaves with a furry gray underside. Once the leaves appear, butterbur somewhat resembles rhubarb—one of its common names is bog rhubarb. It is also sometimes referred to as "umbrella leaves" due to the size of its foliage. Other more or less descriptive common names abound, including blatterdock, bogshorns, butter-dock, butterly dock, capdockin, flapperdock, and langwort.
Butterbur is often described as possessing an unpleasant smell, but being malodorous hasn't protected it from harvesting by humans. The plant has a long history of use as an anti-spasmodic, thought to be effective for such conditions as stomach cramps, whooping cough, and asthma.
Externally, butterbur has been applied as a poultice over wounds or skin ulcerations.
可以在亞洲的北部
，歐洲，包括美洲的北部的部分地區(qū)的河邊
，水溝邊和潮濕的地方能找到Butterbur
。在早春從它的莖部長出紅色的花，晚些會(huì)長出非常大的心型的葉子
，葉子下面有灰色的茸毛
。一旦它長出葉子Butterbur看起來有些像rhubarb--他的另一個(gè)名字是bog rhubarb。因?yàn)樗拇笮?div id="jfovm50" class="index-wrap">，有時(shí)也被叫做"umbrella leaves"
。還有一些能或多或少反映出他形象的名字，比如blatterdock, bogshorns, butter-dock, butterly dock, capdockin, flapperdock, and langwort.（其實(shí)你自己到google上輸入Butterbur
，搜索圖片就能找到好多關(guān)于Butterbur的照片）
Butterbur通常有股很難聞的味道
，但是即使是這臭味也不能避免它被人們收割。這個(gè)植物對(duì)治療痙攣有很長的歷史
，認(rèn)為對(duì)胃部抽搐
，百日咳和哮喘有很好的療效。
另外
，Butterbur也經(jīng)常被作為藥膏涂抹于傷口和潰爛處。
What Is Butterbur Used for Today?
A special toxin-free butterbur extract has been investigated for the treatment of a variety of illnesses. Two double-blind trials suggest that this butterbur extract may be useful for preventing migraine headaches.1,16 In addition, meaningful evidence indicates that this extract is helpful for hay fever.14,17,18,23,24
There is some evidence that butterbur has anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic effects,2,3 and on this basis it has been proposed as a treatment for a variety of musculoskeletal pain conditions; however, meaningful clinical trials have not been reported.4,5,6 Butterbur has also undergone highly preliminary investigation for treatment of asthma7,8 and for protecting the stomach lining from injury, thereby helping to prevent ulcers.9,10
Preliminary evidence suggests that butterbur is not likely to be particularly effective for allergic skin diseases, such as eczema.19
今天Butterbur主要被用來做什么
？
沒有毒素的Butterbur提取物已經(jīng)被調(diào)查用于治療多種疾病
。在兩次雙盲實(shí)驗(yàn)中顯示Butterbur提取物對(duì)預(yù)防偏頭痛就有很好的療效，另外明顯的證據(jù)表明Butterbur提取物對(duì)過敏也有很好的療效
。
也有一些證據(jù)表明Butterbur反刺激性和反痙攣的效果
，在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)之上Butterbur被用于治療多種肌肉及骨骼疼痛的病癥
，然而臨床試驗(yàn)卻沒有記載過。Butterbur同時(shí)被進(jìn)行初步的調(diào)查用于治療哮喘和保護(hù)胃部損傷
，因此能有效地防止?jié)儭?br>
Hay Fever (Allergic Rhinitis)
Butterbur appears to affect the immune system in ways that suggest it should be helpful for hay fever (technically, "seasonal allergic rhinitis").15,20 On this basis, it has been tested as an allergy treatment, with postive results in substantial studies.
In a 2-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 186 people with intermittent allergic rhinitis, use of butterbur at a dose of three standardized tablets daily, or one tablet daily, reduced allergy symptoms as compared to placebo.23 Significantly greater benefits were seen in the higher-dose group. Such "dose dependency" is generally taken as a confirming sign that a treatment really works.
In another double-blind study, 330 people were given either butterbur extract (one tablet three times daily), the antihistamine fexofenadine (Allegra), or placebo.25 The results showed that butterbur and fexofenadine were equally effective, and both were more effective than placebo.
A previous 2-week, double-blind study of 125 individuals with hay fever compared a standardized butterbur extract against the antihistamine drug certizine.14 According to ratings by both doctors and patients, the two treatments proved about equally effective. Unfortunately, this study did not use a placebo group.
Two much smaller studies produced inconsistent results.21,22
It's not clear how butterbur might work. Unlike standard antihistamines, it does not appear to reduce reactions on allergy skin tests.27
過敏（過敏性鼻炎）
Butterbur能明顯的影響免疫系統(tǒng)從而顯示出它對(duì)治療過敏很有用（科學(xué)的說：“季節(jié)性過敏性鼻炎”）
。在此基礎(chǔ)上在用于治療過敏的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，得到了大量的滿意的研究結(jié)果
。
